| Abstract: | The recent developments in neurobiology have rendered new prominence and potential to study about the structure and function of brain and related disorders. Human behaviour is the net result of neural control of the communication between brain cells. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that are used to relay, amplify and modulate electrical signals between neurons and/or another cell. It mediates rapid intercellular communication through the nervous system by interacting with cell surface receptors. These receptors often trigger second messenger signaling pathways that regulate the activity of ion channels. The functional balance of different neurotransmitters such as Acetylcholine (Ach), Dopamine (DA), Serotonin (5-HT), Norepinephrine (NE), Epinephrine (EPI), Glutamate and Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) regulates the growth, division and other vital functions of a normal cell / organism (Sudha, 1998). Any change in neurotransmitters' functional balance will result in the failure of cell function and may lead to the occurrence of diseases. Abnormalities in the production or functioning of neurotransmitters have been implicated in a number of neurological disorders like Schizophrenia, Alzheimer's, Epilepsy, Depression and Parkinson's disease. Changes in central and peripheral neuronal signaling system is also noted in diabetes, cancer, cell proliferation, alcoholism and aging. Elucidation of neurotransmitters receptor interaction pathways and gene expression regulation by second messengers and transcriptional factors in health and disease conditions can lead to new small molecules for development of therapeutic agents to improve neurological disease conditions. Increased awareness of the global effects of neurological disorders should help health care planners and the neurological community set appropriate priorities in research, prevention, and management of these diseases. |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/656 |
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| C S P and others (2006)25oct.PDF | (7.318Mb) |
| Abstract: | In the present study, serotonin 2C (5-HT2c) receptor binding parameters in the brainstem and cerebral cortex were investigated during liver generation after partial hepatectomy (PH) and N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) induced hepatic neoplasia in male Wistar rats. The serotonin content increased significantly (p<0.01) in the cerebral cortex after PH and in NDEA induced hepatic neoplasia. Brain stem serotonin content increased significantly (p<0.05) after PH and (p<0.001) in NDEA induced hepatic neoplasia. The number and affinity of the 5-HT2c receptors in the crude synaptic membrane preparations of the brain stem showed a significant (p<0.001) increase after PH and in NDEA induced hepatic neoplasia. The number and affinity of 5-HT2c receptors increased significantly (p<0.001) in NDEA induced hepatic neoplasia in the crude synaptic membrane preparations of the cerebral cortex. There was a significant (p<0.01) increase in plasma norepinephrine in PH and (p<0.001) in NDEA induced hepatic neoplasia, indicating sympathetic stimulation. Thus, our results suggest that during active hepatocyte proliferation 5-HT2c receptor in the brain stem and cerebral cortex are up-regulated which in turn induce hepatocyte proliferation mediated through sympathetic stimulation. |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/575 |
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| Sulaiman Pyroja and others(2007)26jan.PDF | (5.444Mb) |
| Abstract: | Neuroscience is the study of'tbe ne rvous system , including the i - ; . in, spinal cord and peripheral nerves . Neurons are the basic cells of the brain and nervous system which exerts its functional role through various neurotransmitters and receptor systems . The activity of a nen ren depends on the balance between the number of excitatory and inhibito r y processes affecting it, both processes occurring individually and sin ,tlte-' ,ieously. The functional bal,ince of different neurotransmitters such as Acct >>lcholine (Ach), Dopamine (DA), Serotonin (5-1-17), Nor epinepbri,te (N.1 j, Epinephrine (LPI), Glutamate and Gamma amino butyric acid (GA BA) regulates the growth , division and other vital functions ofa normal cell / organisin (Sudha, 1 998). The micro-environ ; nertt of the cell is controlled / the macro-environment that surrounds the individual. Any change in the cell environment causes imbalance in cell homeostasis and f,ntction. Pollution is a significant cause of imbalance caused iii the inacYcenvironment. Interaction with polluted environments can have an adverse impact on the health of humans. The alarming rise in enviromilmieil cont.iniin :rtion has been linked to rises in levels of pesticides, ndltstr al effluents, domestic Waste, car exhausts and other anthropogenic activities. Persistent exposures to contaminant cause a negative imp,-, on brain health and development . Pollution also causes a change in the neurotransmitters and their receptor function leading to earl.;' recurrence of neurodcge,terative disorders such as flypoxia , Alzbeimers's and Huntington 's disease early in life. |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/649 |
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| Dr. P Natarajan and others(.PDF | (7.142Mb) |
| Abstract: | Gamma amino outyric acid is a major inhibitory neurotrarsr titter in the central nervous system. In the preset study sv, Have investigate(' the alteration of GABA receptor, In t he hrain stem of rats during pancreatic regeneration. Three groups of rats were used for the study: sham operated, 72 It and 7 days partially pancreatectonnsea. GABA was (juan- (ified by [H]GABA receptor iispiacement method. GABA receptor kin: 10, pat at i et•ers were studied by using the binding of F'.](iAhA as ligand to the Triton X-100 treated me,i1,;-:mes a1,J displacement with unlabelled GABA. GhRA,v receptor activity was studied by using the [` -1 h3cuculline and displacement with unlabellecV euculline. ;.\13A content significantly decreased (1' < (1.(101 ) it, 0-e brain stern during the regeneration of pancreas. 'I hl, high affinity (IAI3A receptor binding sho?:ed it sigii'f cant decrease in 131„.,\ (P < 11.01) and K,I 1).05) n 72 h and 7 days after partial pancreatee 'timv. ";:flhicuculline hin(Iing showed it signih eat, 'le ( r(, :,e in /Jn1,s and K,I (P < 0.001) in 72 h pa^.rcreaw,, mised rats when compared with sham wt--tt' as P,n and K,I reversed to near sham after 7 da,s of pancreatectomv. The results sugge,) that GAB A throur,r; ('GABA receptors in brain Atcem has a regulatory uie during active regeneration of pancreas which will have inunense clinical significance in the treatment of cliahetcs. |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/581 |
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| S Balarama Kaimal and others (2007)4 jan.PDF | (8.945Mb) |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/719 |
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| Chansekaran and Saritha,Genomics...,Feb2007.PDF | (4.754Mb) |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/735 |
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| Chansekaran and Saritha,Genomics...,Feb2007.PDF | (4.754Mb) |
| Abstract: | Optical fiber based laser induced fluorescence (LIF) measurements were carried out using Rhodamine B to analyze two different species of bacteria , a Gram-positive bacteria namely Bacillus smithii , and fibrin alginolvticus, a Gram- negative bacteria . The fiber sensor was clearly able to distinguish between the two species of bacteria . Quenching effect of the dye Rhodamine B by Bacillus smithii was observed . The effect of dye on the samples was also studied in detail. |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/723 |
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| Sandeep,P M and ... r induced...,march2007.PDF | (3.835Mb) |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/741 |
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| Padma Nambisan, ... intervention..,Nov2007.PDF | (1.918Mb) |
| Abstract: | The textile industry is one amongst the rapidly growing industries world wide, which utilizes enormous amounts of synthetic dyes. Consequently, the effluent from these textile industries poses serious threat to the environment which is often very difficult to treat and dispose. This has become a very grave problem in environment conservation and hence natural pigments have drawn the attention of industry as safe alternative. In this context, in the present study an attempt was made to bioprospect marine bacteria towards isolation of a suitable and ideal pigment that could be used as a natural dye. A marine Serratia sp. BTWJ8 was recognized to synthesize enormous amounts of a prodigiosin-like pigment. The pigment was isolated and characterized for various properties. The pigment was evaluated for application as a dye in the textile industry. Results of the studies indicated that this pigment could be used as a natural dye for imparting red-yellow colour to various grades of textile materials. The colour was observed to be stable after wash performance studies |
| Description: | Proc. Internatl. Conf. Biodiv. Conserv. & Mgt., 2008 : 743 - 4. |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4270 |
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| Marine Bacteria ... ye In Textile Industry.pdf | (330.1Kb) |
| Abstract: | Dopamine D2 receptors are involved in ethanol self- administration behavior and also suggested to mediate the onset and offset of ethanol drinking. In the present study, we investigated dopamine (DA) content and Dopamine D2 (DA D2) receptors in the hypothalamus and corpus striatum of ethanol treated rats and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity in the liver and plasma of ethanol treated rats and in vitro hepatocyte cultures. Hypothalamic and corpus striatal DA content decreased significantly (P\0.05, P\0.001 respectively) and homovanillic acid/ dopamine (HVA/DA) ratio increased significantly (P\0.001) in ethanol treated rats when compared to control. Scatchard analysis of [3H] YM-09151-2 binding to DA D2 receptors in hypothalamus showed a significant increase (P\0.001) in Bmax without any change in Kd in ethanol treated rats compared to control. The Kd of DA D2 receptors significantly decreased (P\0.05) in the corpus striatum of ethanol treated rats when compared to control. DA D2 receptor affinity in the hypothalamus and corpus striatum of control and ethanol treated rats fitted to a single site model with unity as Hill slope value. The in vitro studies on hepatocyte cultures showed that 10-5 M and 10-7 M DA can reverse the increased ALDH activity in 10% ethanol treated cells to near control level. Sulpiride, an antagonist of DA D2, reversed the effect of dopamine on 10% ethanol induced ALDH activity in hepatocytes. Our results showed a decreased dopamine concentration with enhanced DA D2 receptors in the hypothalamus and corpus striatum of ethanol treated rats. Also, increased ALDH was observed in the plasma and liver of ethanol treated rats and in vitro hepatocyte cultures with 10% ethanol as a compensatory mechanism for increased aldehyde production due to increased dopamine metabolism. A decrease in dopamine concentration in major brain regions is coupled with an increase in ALDH activity in liver and plasma, which contributes to the tendency for alcoholism. Since the administration of 10-5 M and 10-7 M DA can reverse the increased ALDH activity in ethanol treated cells to near control level, this has therapeutic application to correct ethanol addicts from addiction due to allergic reaction observed in aldehyde accumulation. |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/jspui/handle/dyuthi/1619 |
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| j. biomed sci.pdf | (240.5Kb) |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/722 |
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| Padma Nambisan ... ,woman in science,2008.PDF | (1.968Mb) |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/739 |
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| Padma Nambisan ... ,woman in science,2008.PDF | (1.968Mb) |
| Abstract: | Low-density polyethylene, (LDPE) was mixed with two grades of tapioca starch–lowgrade and high-grade. Various compositions were prepared and mechanical and thermal studies performed. The biodegradability of these samples was checked using a culture medium containing Vibrios (an amylase-producing bacteria), which was isolated from a marine benthic environment. The soil burial test and reprocessability of these samples were checked. The studies on biodegradability show that these blends are partially biodegradable. These low-density polyethylene-starch blends are reprocessable without sacrificing much of their mechanical properties |
| Description: | International Journal of Polymeric Materials, 58:257–266, 2009 |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4017 |
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| Biodegradabilit ... lase-Producing Vibrios.pdf | (333.7Kb) |
| Abstract: | A potential fungal strain producing extracellular β-glucosidase enzyme was isolated from sea water and identified as ^ëéÉêJ Öáääìë=ëóÇçïáá BTMFS 55 by a molecular approach based on 28S rDNA sequence homology which showed 93% identity with already reported sequences of ^ëéÉêÖáääìë=ëóÇçïáá in the GenBank. A sequential optimization strategy was used to enhance the production of β-glucosidase under solid state fermentation (SSF) with wheat bran (WB) as the growth medium. The two-level Plackett-Burman (PB) design was implemented to screen medium components that influence β-glucosidase production and among the 11 variables, moisture content, inoculums, and peptone were identified as the most significant factors for β-glucosidase production. The enzyme was purified by (NH4)2SO4 precipitation followed by ion exchange chromatography on DEAE sepharose. The enzyme was a monomeric protein with a molecular weight of ~95 kDa as determined by SDS-PAGE. It was optimally active at pH 5.0 and 50°C. It showed high affinity towards éNPG and enzyme has a hã and sã~ñ of 0.67 mM and 83.3 U/mL, respectively. The enzyme was tolerant to glucose inhibition with a há of 17 mM. Low concentration of alcohols (10%), especially ethanol, could activate the enzyme. A considerable level of ethanol could produce from wheat bran and rice straw after 48 and 24 h, respectively, with the help of p~ÅÅÜ~êçãóÅÉë=ÅÉêÉîáëá~É in presence of cellulase and the purified β-glucosidase of ^ëéÉêÖáääìë=ëóÇçïáá BTMFS 55. |
| Description: | Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering 2009, 14: 457-466 DOI/10.1007/s12257-008-0116-2 |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4256 |
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| Extracellular β ... al Experimental Design.pdf | (390.7Kb) |
| Abstract: | Epilepsy is a syndrome of episodic brain dysfunction characterized by recurrent unpredictable, spontaneous seizures. Cerebellar dysfunction is a recognized complication of temporal lobe epilepsy and it is associated with seizure generation, motor deficits and memory impairment. Serotonin is known to exert a modulatory action on cerebellar function through 5HT2C receptors. 5-HT2C receptors are novel targets for developing anticonvulsant drugs. In the present study, we investigated the changes in the 5-HT2C receptors binding and gene expression in the cerebellum of control, epileptic and Bacopa monnieri treated epileptic rats. There was a significant down regulation of the 5-HT content (pb0.001), 5-HT2C gene expression (pb0.001) and 5-HT2C receptor binding (pb0.001) with an increased affinity (pb0.001). Carbamazepine and B. monnieri treatments to epileptic rats reversed the down regulated 5-HT content (pb0.01), 5-HT2C receptor binding (pb0.001) and gene expression (pb0.01) to near control level. Also, the Rotarod test confirms the motor dysfunction and recovery by B. monnieri treatment. These data suggest the neuroprotective role of B. monnieri through the upregulation of 5-HT2C receptor in epileptic rats. This has clinical significance in the management of epilepsy |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/1621 |
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| JNS10998.pdf | (332.6Kb) |
| Abstract: | Hypoxia in neonates can lead to biochemical and molecular alterations mediated through changes in neurotransmitters resulting in permanent damage to brain. In this study, we evaluated the changes in the receptor status of GABAA in the cerebral cortex and brainstem of hypoxic neonatal rats and hypoxic rats supplemented with glucose and oxygen using binding assays and gene expression of GABAAa1 and GABAAc5. In the cerebral cortex and brainstem of hypoxic neonatal rats, a significant decrease in GABAA receptors was observed, which accounts for the respiratory inhibition. Hypoxic rats sup- plemented with glucose alone and with glucose and oxygen showed, respectively, a reversal of the GABAA receptors, andGABAAa1 and GABAAc5 gene expression to control. Glucose acts as an immediate energy source thereby reducing the ATP-depletion-induced increase in GABA and oxygenation, which helps in encountering anoxia. Resuscitation with oxygen alone was less effective in reversing the receptor alterations. Thus, the results of this study suggest that reduction in the GABAA receptors functional regulation during hypoxia plays an important role in mediating the brain damage. Glucose alone and glucose and oxygen supplementation to hypoxic neonatal rats helps in protecting the brain from severe hypoxic damage. |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/jspui/handle/dyuthi/1622 |
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| cellu n mole neu.pdf | (325.2Kb) |
| Abstract: | Hypoxia is one of the major causes of damage to the fetal and neonatal brain and cardiac functions. in earlier studies we have reported the brain damage caused by hypoxia and resusciation with oxygen and epinephrine and have found that glucose treatment to hypoxic rats and hypoxic rats treated with oxygen shows a reversal of brain damage. during this study the findings may have clinical significance in the proper management of heart and brain functions. |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/1620 |
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| IJBB 46(2) 166-171.pdf | (272.9Kb) |
| Abstract: | Low-density polyethylene was mixed with dextrin having different particle sizes (100, 200 and 300 mesh). Various compositions were prepared and their mechanical properties were evaluated and thermal studies have been carried out. Biodegradability of these samples has been checked using liquid culture medium containing Vibrios (an amylase producing bacteria), which were isolated from marine benthic environment. Soil burial test was done and reprocessability of these samples was evaluated. The results indicate that the newly prepared blends are reprocessable without sacrificing much of their mechanical properties. The biodegradability tests on these blends indicate that these are partially biodegradable |
| Description: | Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 48: 602–606, 2009 |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4018 |
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| Effect of Amyla ... thylene-Dextrin Blends.pdf | (417.1Kb) |
| Abstract: | 3.4. Lipase (EC-3.1. 1.3) 3.5. Other Known Enzymes 3.6. Extremozymes (Enzymes from extremophiles) 3.7. Recognition of Valuable Extremozymes 4. Enzymes as Tools in Biotechnology 4.1. Restriction Enzymes from Marine Bacteria 4.2. Other Nucleases from Marine Bacteria 4.3. Bacteriolytic Enzyme by Bacteriophage from Seawater 5. Innovations in Enzyme Technology 5.1. Enzyme Engineering 5.2. Immobilization Technology 5.3. Gene Cloning for Marine Enzymes 6. Future Prospects |
| Description: | Biotechnology vol 9,pp 1-15 |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4255 |
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| Marine Microbial Enzymes.pdf | (493.5Kb) |
| Abstract: | Kerala in south India grows several cash crops such as banana and pineapple, the crop residues of which are sources of natural fibres that can be used in hand papermaking. Kerala, however, does not have a tradition in hand papermaking. The following is an account of an attempt to popularize the art and craft of hand papermaking among self-help groups as a means of self-employment and waste utilization, using fibres extracted from agriwaste and local plants |
| Description: | BioResources 5(3), 1332-1335 |
| URI: | http://dyuthi.cusat.ac.in/purl/4726 |
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| Utilization Of ... aking In Kerala, India.pdf | (27.92Kb) |
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