saji, P.K; Prof. (Dr.) A. N. Balchand(Cochin University of Science and Technology, November 5, 2015)
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Abstract:
The recurrent warming of oceans is an important process in
maintaining the climate of earth. Ocean temperature is an important climatic
indicator among others such as atmospheric humidity, tropospheric
temperature, sea level, ocean heat content, temperature over land, sea ice
etc. The oceans absorb large amounts of heat and Carbon dioxide, thereby
reducing the impact of global warming. The important point here is the
carrying capacity of the oceans and its future behavioral patterns to the
present warming trend.Warm pools represent upper ocean temperatures and act as an index
for climate change. Its temporal and spatial variations can have crucial
impacts on climate change. This study focuses on the warming of the Indian
Ocean with an emphasis on the warm pool (IOWP) with the following
objectives:
1. A detailed study on the annual characteristics of IOWP
2. Understand ENSO-induced variability on IOWP
3. Deduce the long term trend SST and IOWP in response to global
warming and
4. Model SST using 1-Dimensional Mixed Layer Model.
Murukesh, Nebula; Dr. Chandramohanakumar, N(April 21, 2016)
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Abstract:
Mangroves are specialised ecosystems developed along estuarine sea
coasts and river mouths in tropical and subtropical regions of the world,
mainly in the intertidal zone. Hence, the ecosystem and its biological
components is under the influence of both marine and freshwater
conditions and has developed a set of physiological adaptations to
overcome problems of anoxia, salinity and frequent tidal inundations. This
has led to the assemblage of a wide variety of plant and animal species of
special adaptations suited to the ecosystem.
The path of photosynthesis in mangroves is different from other
glycophytes. There are modifications or alterations in other physiological
processes such as carbohydrate metabolism or polyphenol synthesis. As
they survive under extreme conditions of salinity, temperature, tides and
anoxic soil conditions they may have chemical compounds, which protect
them from these destructive elements. Mangroves are necessarily tolerant
of high salt levels and have mechanisms to take up water despite strong
osmotic potentials. Some also take up salts, but excrete them through
specialised glands in the leaves. Others transfer salts into senescent leaves
or store them in the bark or the wood. Still others simply become
increasingly conservative in their water use as water salinity increases. A
usual transportation or biosynthetic path as other plants cannot be expected
in mangrove plants.
In India, the states like West Bengal, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil
Nadu, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Kerala, Goa, Maharashtra, and
Gujarat occupy vast area of mangroves. Kerala has only 6 km2 total
mangrove area with Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata,
Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera cylindrica, Avicennia officinalis,
Sonneratia caseolaris, Sonneratia apetala and Kandelia candal, as the
important species present, most of which belong to the family
Rhizophoraceae.Rhizophoraceae mangroves are ranked as “major elements of
mangroves” as they give the real shape of this unique and interesting
ecosystem and these mangrove species most productive and typical
characteristic ecosystem of World renowned. It was found that the
Rhizophoraceae mangrove extracts exhibit several bioactive properties.
Various parts of these mangroves are used in ethnomedicinal practices.
Even though extracts from these mangroves possess therapeutic activity
against humans, animal and plant pathogens, the specific metabolites
responsible for these bioactivities remains to be elucidated. Various parts of
these mangroves are used in ethnomedicinal practices. There is a gap of
information towards the chemistry of Rhizophoraceae mangroves from
Kerala.
Thorough phytochemical investigation can achieve the validity of
ethnomedicines as well as apply the use of mangrove plants in the
development of new drugs. Such studies can pave a firm base for their use
in biomarker and chemotaxonomic studies as well as for the better
management of the existing mangrove ecosystem. In this study, the various
chemical parameters including minerals, biochemical components,
bioactive and biomarker molecules were used to classify and assess the
possible potentials of the mangrove plants of the true mangrove family
Rhizophoraceae from Kochi.
Kamalakanth, C.K; Dr .Srinivasa Gopal, T.K(April 21, 2016)
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Abstract:
Fish and fishery products are having a unique place in global food
market due to its unique taste and flavour; moreover, the presence of easily
digestible proteins, lipids, vitamins and minerals make it a highly demanded
food commodity.Fishery products constitute a
major portion of international trade, which is a valuable source of foreign
exchange to many developing countries.Several new technologies are emerging to produce various value
added products from food; “extrusion technology” is one among them.
Food extruder is a better choice for producing a wide variety of high value
products at low volume because of its versatility. Extruded products are
shelf-stable at ambient temperature. Extrusion cooking is used in the
manufacture of food products such as ready-to-eat breakfast cereals,
expanded snacks, pasta, fat-bread, soup and drink bases. The raw materialin the form of powder at ambient temperature is fed into extruder at a known
feeding rate. The material first gets compacted and then softens and
gelatinizes and/or melts to form a plasticized material, which flows
downstream into extruder channel and the final quality of the end products
depends on the characteristics of starch in the cereals and protein ingredient
as affected by extrusion process. The advantages of extrusion process are
the process is thermodynamically most efficient, high temperature short
time enables destruction of bacteria and anti-nutritional factors, one step
cooking process thereby minimizing wastage and destruction of fat
hydrolyzing enzymes during extrusion process and enzymes associated with
rancidity.
Maya L Pai; Dr. A N Balchand; Dr. K V Pramod(Cochin University of Science and Technology, May 12, 2016)
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Abstract:
ANN based long range forecast of Indian summer monsoon rainfall for
the hydrological regions of India using ocean and atmosphere state
parameters with improved accuracy,Trend analysis of SST, sub surface temperature of Indian Ocean and
that of ISMR.
3. Prediction of extreme rainfall events using ANN.