Bright Singh, I S; Cini, Achuthan; Rejish Kumar, V J; Manju, N J; Rosamma, Philip(Springer, November 28, 2008)
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Abstract:
A packed bed bioreactor (PBBR) was developed
for rapid establishment of nitrification in brackish
water hatchery systems in the tropics. The reactors were
activated by immobilizing ammonia-oxidizing (AMONPCU-
1) and nitrite-oxidizing (NIONPCU-1) bacterial
consortia on polystyrene and low-density polyethylene
beads, respectively. Fluorescence in situ hybridization
demonstrated the presence of autotrophic nitrifiers belong
to Nitrosococcus mobilis, lineage of b ammonia oxidizers
and nitrite oxidizer Nitrobacter sp. in the consortia. The
activated reactors upon integration to the hatchery system
resulted in significant ammonia removal (P\0.01) culminating
to its undetectable levels. Consequently, a
significantly higher percent survival of larvae was observed
in the larval production systems. With spent water the
reactors could establish nitrification with high percentage
removal of ammonia (78%), nitrite (79%) and BOD (56%)
within 7 days of initiation of the process. PBBR is configured
in such a way to minimize the energy requirements
for continuous operation by limiting the energy inputs to a
single stage pumping of water and aeration to the aeration
cells. The PBBR shall enable hatchery systems to operate
under closed recirculating mode and pave the way for
better water management in the aquaculture industry.
Description:
J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol (2009) 36:355–365
DOI 10.1007/s10295-008-0504-9
Kavitha, Ramachandran; Dr.Bright Singh,I S(Cochin University of Science And Technology, March , 1998)
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Abstract:
Nitrification is the biological oxidation of ammonium, first to nitrite and
then to nitrate by two groups of aerobic, chemolithotrophic bacteria belonging
to the family Nitrobacteriaceae. The biological nitrification in municipal
wastewater treatment is important in those cases were ammonia removal requirement
specially exist. In a trickling filter or in an activated sludge system
nitrification is rate limiting and thus necessitates longer detention time.
The combined carbon oxidation-nitrification processes generally have low
population of nitrifiers due to a high ratio of BOD to total nitrogen in the
effluent. This necessitates, separate carbon and nitrogen oxidation processes,
which thus minimizes wash out ofthe nitrifiers. Therefore, a separate stage
nitrification has become essential to achieve faster and efficient removal of
ammonia from the wastewater. The present work deals with the development
of bio reactor for nitrifying of sewage as the tertiary process so that the
treated wastewater can be used for irrigation, algal culture or fish culture
Description:
School of environmental studies, Cochin University of Science And Technology
Manju, N J; Dr.Bright Singh,I S(Cochin University of Science and Technology, October , 2007)
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Abstract:
This thesis entitled Development of nitrifying ans photosynthetic sulfur bacteria based bioaugmentation systems for the bioremediation of ammonia and hydregen sulphide in shrimp culture.
the thesis is to propose a sustainable, low cost option for the mitigation of toxic ammonia and hydrogen sulphide in shrimp culture systems. Use of ‘bioaugmentors’ as pond additives is an emerging field in aquaculture. Understanding the role of organisms involved in the ‘bioaugmentor’ will obviously help to optimize conditions for their activity.The thesis describes the use of wood powder immobilization of nitrifying consortia.Shrimp grow out systems are specialized and highly dynamic aquaculture production units which when operated under zero exchange mode require bioremediation of ammonia, nitrite nitrogen and hydrogen sulphide to protect the crop. The research conducted here is to develop an economically viable and user friendly technology for addressing the above problem. The nitrifying bacterial consortia (NBC) generated earlier (Achuthan et al., 2006) were used for developing the technology.Clear demonstration of better quality of immobilized nitrifiers generated in this study for field application.
Description:
National Centre for Aquatic Animal Health, School of Environmental
Studies, Cochin University of Science and Technology
Bright Singh, I S; Rosamma, Philip; Cini, Achuthan; Rejish Kumar, V J; Manju, N J(New Delhi, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research., April 17, 2006)
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Abstract:
Two ammonia oxidizing (AMOPCU-1 and AMONPCU-1) and two nitrite oxidizing (NIOPCU-1 and NIONPCU-1) consortia for activating nitrifying bioreactors and thereby establishing nitrification in penaeid and non-penaeid hatchery systems were developed by enrichment. For further amplification of the consortia a simple medium having seawater (either salinity 30 ‰ or 15 ‰) as base, supplemented with NH4+-N/NO2--N and PO4- and pH adjusted to 8 was identified. During the amplification in a fermentor the consortia exhibited excessive wall growth and diminished their yield coefficient posing difficulty in harvesting the cells completely. The consortia consisted of both Gram negative and Gram-positive bacterial cells embedded in a mucilaginous matrix of glycocalyx - like material presumably composed of polysaccharides. The consortia besides being useful in activating nitrifying bioreactors developed for shrimp/prawn hatchery systems can also be used as bioaugmentors in the bioremediation of ammonia and nitrite toxicity in aquaculture systems.
Description:
Indian Journal of Marine Sciences
Vol. 35(3), September 2006, pp. 240-248
Bright Singh, I S; Rosamma, Philip; Cini, Achuthan; Rejish Kumar, V J; Manju, N J(Springer, November 15, 2008)
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Abstract:
Two distinct nitrifying bacterial consortia,
namely an ammonia oxidizing non-penaeid culture (AMO
NPCU-1) and an ammonia oxidizing penaeid culture
(AMOPCU-1), have been mass produced in a nitrifying
bacterial consortia production unit (NBCPU). The consortia,
maintained at 4 C were activated and cultured in a 2 l
fermentor initially. At this stage the net biomass (0.105 and
0.112 g/l), maximum specific growth rate (0.112 and
0.105/h) and yield coefficients (1.315 and 2.08) were calculated
respectively, for AMONPCU-1 and AMOPCU-1
on attaining stationary growth phase. Subsequently on
mass production in a 200 l NBCPU under optimized culture
conditions, the total amounts of NH4
?–N removed by
AMONPCU-1 and AMOPCU-1 were 1.948 and 1.242 g/l
within 160 and 270 days, respectively. Total alkalinity
reduction of 11.7–14.4 and 7.5–9.1 g/l were observed
which led to the consumption of 78 and 62 g Na2CO3. The
yield coefficient and biomass of AMONPCU-1 were 0.67
and 125.3 g/l and those of AMOPCU-1 were 1.23 and
165 g/l. The higher yield coefficient and growth rate of
AMOPCU-1 suggest better energy conversion efficiency
and higher CO2 fixation potential. Both of the consortia
were dominated by Nitrosomonas-like organisms. The
consortia may find application in the establishment of
nitrification within marine and brackish water culture
systems.
Description:
World J Microbiol Biotechnol (2009) 25:407–414
DOI 10.1007/s11274-008-9905-1
Bright Singh, I S; Rosamma, Philip; Rejish Kumar, V J; Cini, Achuthan; Manju, N J(Springer, September 21, 2008)
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Abstract:
For establishing nitrification in prawn (non-penaeid, salinity 10–15 ppt) and
shrimp (penaeid, salinity 30–35 ppt) larval production systems, a stringed bed suspended
bioreactor (SBSBR) was designed, fabricated, and validated. It was fabricated with 5 mm
polystyrene and low density polyethylene beads as the substrata for ammonia and nitrite
oxidizing bacterial consortia, respectively, with an overall surface area of 684 cm2. The
reactors were activated in a prototype activator and were transported in polythene bags to
the site of testing. Performance of the reactors activated with the nitrifying bacterial
consortia AMONPCU-1 (ammonia oxidizers for non-penaeid culture) and NIONPCU-1
(nitrite oxidizers for non-penaeid culture) was evaluated in a Macrobrachium rosenbergii
larval rearing system and those activated with AMOPCU-1 (ammonia oxidizers for penaeid
culture) and NIOPCU-1 (nitrite oxidizers for penaeid culture) in a Penaeus monodon
seed production system. Rapid setting up of nitrification could be observed in both the
static systems which resulted in a higher relative per cent survival of larvae
Description:
Aquacult Int (2009) 17:479–489
DOI 10.1007/s10499-008-9218-2