Nampoori, V P N; Radhakrishnan, P; Girijavallabhan, C P; Sajan, D George(Journal of Physics D : Applied Physics, Institute of Physics Publishing, April 2, 2003)
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Abstract:
An open photoacoustic cell operating in the low range of chopping
frequency has been employed to evaluate the thermal diffusivity values of
intrinsic InP and InP doped with S, Sn and Fe. The experimental set-up is
calibrated by the evaluation of thermal diffusivity value of pure Si and
GaAs. The present investigation shows that doped samples show a reduced
value for thermal diffusivity compared to intrinsic sample. From the
analysis of data it is also seen that nature of dopant clearly influences the
thermal diffusivity value of semiconductors. The results are explained in
terms of phonon assisted heat transfer mechanism in semiconductors
Girijavallabhan, C P; Radhakrishnan, P; V P N Nampoori; Sajan, D George(Journal of Physics D : Applied Physics, Institute of Physics Publishing, April 2, 2003)
[+]
[-]
Abstract:
An open photoacoustic cell operating in the low range of chopping
frequency has been employed to evaluate the thermal diffusivity values of
intrinsic InP and InP doped with S, Sn and Fe. The experimental set-up is
calibrated by the evaluation of thermal diffusivity value of pure Si and
GaAs. The present investigation shows that doped samples show a reduced
value for thermal diffusivity compared to intrinsic sample. From the
analysis of data it is also seen that nature of dopant clearly influences the
thermal diffusivity value of semiconductors. The results are explained in
terms of phonon assisted heat transfer mechanism in semiconductors
Radhakrishnan, P; V P N Nampoori; Girijavallabhan, C P; Sajan, D George(Journal of Physics D : Applied Physics, Institute of Physics Publishing, April 2, 2003)
[+]
[-]
Abstract:
An open photoacoustic cell operating in the low range of chopping
frequency has been employed to evaluate the thermal diffusivity values of
intrinsic InP and InP doped with S, Sn and Fe. The experimental set-up is
calibrated by the evaluation of thermal diffusivity value of pure Si and
GaAs. The present investigation shows that doped samples show a reduced
value for thermal diffusivity compared to intrinsic sample. From the
analysis of data it is also seen that nature of dopant clearly influences the
thermal diffusivity value of semiconductors. The results are explained in
terms of phonon assisted heat transfer mechanism in semiconductors
Sugunan, S; Nampoori, V P N; Radhakrishnan, P; Sanjay, G; Suja, H; Lyjo, Joseph K(Elsevier, June 28, 2008)
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Abstract:
Thermal diffusivity (TD) measurement on commercial K-10 and KSF montmorillonites was carried out by
photoacoustic technique. The TD of the montmorillonites after methylene blue adsorption changed with the
dye concentration. The repeatedly adsorbed samples showed a lesser TD than the single adsorbed samples.
After methylene blue adsorption the acid leached K-10 samples showed well defined changes in TD when
compared to the ordered KSF samples
Nampoori, V P N; Lyjo, Joseph K; Suja, H; Sanjay, G; Sugunan, S; Radhakrishnan, P(Elsevier, Journal of Applied Clay Science, June 28, 2008)
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Abstract:
Thermal diffusivity (TD) measurement on commercial K-10 and KSF montmorillonites was carried out by
photoacoustic technique. The TD of the montmorillonites after methylene blue adsorption changed with the
dye concentration. The repeatedly adsorbed samples showed a lesser TD than the single adsorbed samples.
After methylene blue adsorption the acid leached K-10 samples showed well defined changes in TD when
compared to the ordered KSF samples.
Sajan, D George; Rajesh, Komban; Warrier, K G K; Radhakrishnan, P; Nampoori, V P N; Vallabhan, C P G(Taylor & Francis, February , 2010)
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Abstract:
A laser-induced photoacoustic technique was employed to investigate
thermal transport through nanocrystalline CePO4 samples prepared via the
sol–gel route. Evaluation of thermal diffusivity was carried out using the
one-dimensional model of Rosencwaig and Gersho for the reflection
configuration of the photoacoustic method. Structural analyses of samples
revealed that they are nanoporous in nature, possessing micron-sized
grains. Analysis of results shows that thermal diffusivity value varies with
sintering temperature. Results are explained in terms of the variation in
porosity with sintering temperature and the effects of various scattering
mechanisms on the propagation of phonons through the nanoporous
ceramic matrix. Further analyses confirm that apart from porosity, grain
boundary resistance and interface thermal resistance influence the effective
value of thermal diffusivity of the samples under investigation.
Sunil,K Narayanankutty(Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd., August 29, 1991)
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Abstract:
The thermal degradation of short kevlar fibre-thermoplastic polyurethane
(TPU) composites has been studied by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). TGA showed that the thermal
degradation of TPU takes place in two steps with peak maxima (T1max and
T2ma,) at 383°C and 448°C, respectively. In the presence of 10-40 phr of short
kevlar fibres, T1_ and T2max were shifted to lower temperatures. The
temperature of onset of degradation was increased from 245 to 255°C at 40
parts per hundred rubber (phr) fibre loading. Kinetic studies showed that the
degradation of TPU and kevlar-TPU composite follows first-order reaction
kinetics. The DSC study showed that there is an improvement in thermal
stability of TPU in the presence of 20 phr of short kevlar fibres.
Sunil,K Narayanankutty(Taylor & Francis Inc., October 28, 2004)
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Abstract:
The thermal properties of short Nylon-6 fiber-reinforced Styrene butadiene rubber
(SBR) composites were studied by Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The effect
of epoxy-based bonding agent on thermal degradation of the gum and the composites
was also studied. The thermal stability of the SBR was enhanced in the presence
of Nylon-6 fibers and the stability of the composites increased in the presence
of bonding agent. The epoxy resin did not significantly change the thermal stability
of SBR gum vulcanizate. Results of kinetic studies showed that the degradation
of SBR and the short nylon fiber-reinforced composites with and without
bonding agents followed first-order kinetics.
Sunil,K Narayanankutty(Elsevier Science Limited, May 17, 1997)
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Abstract:
The thermal degradation of short polyester fiber reinforced polyurethane composites
with and without different bonding agents has been studied by thermogravimetric
analysis . It was found that degradation of the polyurethane takes
place in two steps and that of the composites takes place in three steps. With
the incorporation of 30 phr of fiber in the matrix , the onset of degradation was
shifted from 230 to 238 ° C. The presence of bonding agents in the virgin elastomer
and the composite gave an improved thermal stability . Results of kinetic studies
showed that the degradation of polyurethane and the reinforced composites with
and without bonding agents follows first -order reaction kinetics
Challa Ravi Kiran; Dr Sundresan, A(Cochin University of Science and Technology, June , 2015)
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Abstract:
Deep fat frying process is one of the widely followed cooking practices throughout the
world. Cooking oils serve as a medium for frying food for transferring heat and makes fried
food tasty and palatable. Frying process is a most complex process involving numerous
physicochemical changes which are complicated to understand. Frying leads to thermal
degradation of oil through thermo-oxidation, hydrolysis, and polymerization. Hydrolysis
results in formation of free fatty acids whereas oxidation process produces hydroperoxides
and small molecular carbonyl compounds. This whole process leads to the formation of polar
compounds and degradation of antioxidants that further degrades frying oil. Eventually,
through mass transfer process these degradation products accumulate into fried food and
reduce the nutritional quality of both oil and food. Thus, the frying process is of research
interest calls for detailed systematic study which is chosen for the present study. The primary
objective of this study is to understand the mechanism of degradation and characterization ofdegraded products which helps in arriving at the limits for frying oil utilization in terms of
number of frying cycles. The mechanistic studies and the knowledge on the degraded
products help to understand the way to retard the deterioration of oil for stability and
enhancement of frying cycles. The study also explores the formation of the predominant
polar compounds and their structural elucidation through mass spectrometry. Oxidation of oil
is another important factor that ignites the degradation phenomena. One of the best ways to
increase thermal stability of any oil is addition of potent antioxidants. But, most of the natural
and synthetic antioxidants are unstable and ineffective at frying temperatures. Therefore, it is
necessary to screen alternative antioxidants for their activity in the refined oils which are devoid of any added antioxidants. In this context, this study discussed the efficacy of several
natural and synthetic antioxidants to retard the formation of polar compounds and thermooxidation
during prolonged frying conditions. Similarly, the advantage of blending of two
different oils to improve the thermal stability was explored. The present study brings out the
total picture on the type of degradation products formed during frying and the ways of
retarding the determination to improve upon the stability of the oil and enhancement of frying
cycles.
Bindhu, C V; Harilal, S S; Nampoori, V P N; Vallabhan, C P G(Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers, 1998)
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Abstract:
Thermal diffusivity measurements are carried out in certain organic liquids using the pulsed dual beam thermal lens technique. The 532 nm pulses from a frequency doubled Q-switched Nd:YAG laser are used as the heating source and an intensity stabilized He-Ne laser serves as the probe beam. Experimental determination of the characteristic time constant of the transient thermal lens signal is verified theoretically. Measured thermal diffusivity values are in excellent agreement with literature values.
V P N Nampoori; Santhi Ani, Joseph; Misha, Hari; Mathew, S; Gaurav, Sharma; Soumya; Hadiya, V M; Radhakrishnan, P(Elsevier, Journal of Optics Communications, October 6, 2009)
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Abstract:
Dual beam mode-matched thermal lens method has been employed to measure the heat diffusion in
nanofluid of silver with various volumes of rhodamine 6G, both dispersed in water. The important observation
is an indication of temperature dependent diffusivity and that the overall heat diffusion is slower
in the chemically prepared Ag sol compared to that of water. The experimental results can be explained
assuming that Brownian motion is the main mechanism of heat transfer under the present experimental
conditions. Light induced aggregation of the nanoparticles can also result in an anomalous diffusion
behavior.
Sankara Raman, S; Nampoori, V P N; Vallabhan, C P G; Saravanan, N; Mohammed Yusuff, K K(Springer, 1999)
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Abstract:
The thermal diffusivities of some polystyrene supported Schiff complexes of Co(II) and Cu(II) were determined by the laser induced photoacoustic technique. The effect of metal as well as the halogen part on thermal diffusivity of polymer supported complexes was studied. The thermal diffusivity of Co complexes increases while it decreases in Cu complexes with Cl, Br and I substitutions, respectively.
Achamma, Kurian; Unnikrishnan, K P; Sajan, D George; Pramod, Gopinath; Nampoori, V P N; Vallabhan, C P G(Elsevier, 2003)
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Abstract:
The wavelength dependence of thermal lens signal from organic dyes are studied using dual beam thermal lens technique. It is found that the profile of thermal lens spectrum widely differ from the conventional absorption spectrum in the case of rhodamine B unlike in the case of crystal violet. This is explained on the basis of varying contribution of nonradiative relaxations from the excited vibronic levels.
Achamma, Kurian; Unnikrishnan, K P; Sajan, D George; Pramod, Gopinath; Nampoori, V P N; Vallabhan, C P G(Elsevier, 2003)
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Abstract:
The wavelength dependence of thermal lens signal from organic dyes are studied using dual beam thermal lens
technique. It is found that the profile of thermal lens spectrum widely differ from the conventional absorption spectrum
in the case of rhodamine B unlike in the case of crystal violet. This is explained on the basis of varying contribution of
nonradiative relaxations from the excited vibronic levels.
Santhi, A; Kala, U L; Nedumpara, R J; Kurian, A; Kurup, M R P; Radhakrishnan, P; Nampoori, V P N(Springer, 2004)
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Abstract:
The fluorescence spectrum of the schiff base obtained from salicylaldehyde and 2-aminophenol is studied using an argon-ion laser as the excitation source and its fluorescence quantum yield (Qf) is determined using a thermal lens method. This is a nondestructive technique that gives the absolute value of Qf without the need for a fluorescence standard. The quantum-yield values are calculated for various concentrations of the solution in chloroform and also for various excitation wavelengths. The value of Qf is relatively high, and is concentration dependent. The maximum value of Qf obtained is nearly 0.78. The high value of the fluorescence quantum yield will render the schiff base useful as a fluorescent marker for biological applications. Photostability and gain studies will assess its suitability as a laser dye.
Achamma, Kurian; Sajan, D George; Bindhu, C V; Nampoori, V P N; Vallabhan, C P G(Elsevier, 2007)
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Abstract:
The effect of pH on the fluorescence efficiency of fluorescein is evaluated using thermal lens technique. Fluorescence efficiency increases as the
sample becomes more and more alkaline. But when fluorescein is mixed with rhodamine B fluorescence quenching of fluorescein takes place with
the excitation of rhodamine B. The electronic energy transfer in this mixture is investigated using Optical Parametric Oscillator as the excitation
source. The effect of pH on the efficiency of energy transfer in fluorescein–rhodamine B mixture is presented.
Bindu, J; Dr. Srinivasa Gopal, T K(Cochin University of Science and Technology., March , 2009)
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Abstract:
This study is the first of its kind in India, where in smoked and thermal
processed products have been developed using locally available wood as the
source of wood smoke and flavoring and a shelf life of one year has been
achieved. Retortable pouches of three layers, both imported and indigenous
were found suitable to store thermal processed products. Heat penetration rate is
quicker in retort pouches due to their thin profile in comparison to cans and
hence the total process time is lesser. The nutritional and sensory attributes of
the pouch products are better retained during processing. Hence these products
are more acceptable than canned products. lndian vegetarian food products and
fish curry products are available in the ready to eat form in the markets. Smoked
and thermal processed products have not gained an entry to the market and
hence this study will pave an opening for such products. Currently trade in tuna
products from India is meager compared to the global trade. ln India proper
utilization of tuna resources is yet to be achieved due to the lack of infrastructure
for handling and knowledge of value addition. The raw material cost is also less
due to the poor quality of the fish when landed. Hence, the availability of such
products will help in the trade of tuna products, improving the quality of raw
material landing and ultimately realizing a better value to the fishermen and
processors.